IBM is a long-established US technology company. Today it focuses on software (such as Red Hat), hybrid cloud, AI solutions and IT consulting. It also makes Z-series mainframes and does research on quantum computers, mainly for large companies and government agencies. As of Oct 11, 2026
IBM helps clients digitize their operations with hybrid cloud platforms and artificial intelligence. The Software segment comprises platforms for hybrid cloud and artificial intelligence with which clients carry out their digital transformation across applications and data. The Consulting division combines strategy, design, technology and operations expertise, for example for systems integration and application development. In the Infrastructure segment, the company supplies server and storage solutions for on-premises data centers and the cloud, including life-cycle services. The financing division finances clients’ purchases of hardware, software and services. Its partners include hyperscalers, service providers, system integrators and software and hardware vendors.
Automatically summarized from SEC annual report (10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026) (website of the US Securities and Exchange Commission) · reviewed Oct 14, 2026
Our own calculation from the exchange’s daily candles, as of Oct 27, 2026. “All-time” applies since the start of this series, not to the whole market. Changes in percent; the TradingView chart shows prices. “Today” = change of the last trading day versus the previous day. Not investment advice.
No buy zone
There is currently no buy zone for this symbol under our Elliott rule. One only forms when the price pulls back after a strong rise.
An observation, not investment advice
Rule (4-hour candles) No active buy zone – the last one ended on Oct 16, 2026 · Buy zone no longer valid Zone historyThe zone history shows since when a buy zone has applied, when it was adjusted and when the price touched or left it. Recording began on Oct 12, 2026, only runs forward and fills nothing in – older zones are marked “known at start of recording” or “already existing when added”.Example: New buy zone on Oct 14, no adjustment since → “zone valid since Oct 14, 2026 · unchanged since”.More in the Academy: Lesson buy zone and Fibonacci
Watcher Full history: every change of the buy zone with its date.
Weekly candles (1W) No entry in the zone history yet (recording since Oct 12, 2026). Zone historyThe zone history shows since when a buy zone has applied, when it was adjusted and when the price touched or left it. Recording began on Oct 12, 2026, only runs forward and fills nothing in – older zones are marked “known at start of recording” or “already existing when added”.Example: New buy zone on Oct 14, no adjustment since → “zone valid since Oct 14, 2026 · unchanged since”.More in the Academy: Lesson buy zone and Fibonacci
Timeframe 1 week · As of Oct 23, 2026 · display only, the rule works on 4-hour candles
Technical view: on this timeframe there is neither a buy zone of the rule nor an Elliott count that follows the rules. We calculate the lines automatically from the completed weekly candles (recalculated every day) – for orientation, not a forecast, not a recommendation, not investment advice. Without a buy zone there is no value axis and no prices.
Timeframe 1 day · As of Oct 27, 2026 · display only, the rule works on 4-hour candles
Elliott count: Combination (W-X-Y), Corrective pattern (upward), Y in progress (3 of 3 guidelines) · X = 65% of W; Y = 73% of W
Note: Structure ambiguous: leg X can also be read as three- or five-part.
Note: Retracement at least 88.7% of A: flat possible (B in progress, type only with C).
Elliott count calculated automatically by fixed Elliott rules, not investment advice – display only, our buy zones do not use it. Provisional: The count can change with new candles.
No buy zone of the rule on this timeframe – the chart shows only the Elliott count from the completed daily candles (recalculated every day). Not a recommendation, not investment advice. Without a buy zone there is no reference for percentages – so no value axis and no prices; measurements are ratios of wave lengths.
Timeframe 4 hours · As of Oct 27, 2026
Elliott count: Combination (W-X-Y), Corrective pattern (upward), Y in progress (3 of 3 guidelines) · X = 65% of W; Y = 73% of W
Note: Structure ambiguous: leg X can also be read as three- or five-part.
Note: Retracement at least 88.7% of A: flat possible (B in progress, type only with C).
Elliott count calculated automatically by fixed Elliott rules, not investment advice – display only, our buy zones do not use it. Provisional: The count can change with new candles.
No buy zone of the rule on this timeframe – the chart shows only the Elliott count from the completed 4-hour candles (recalculated every hour). Not a recommendation, not investment advice. Without a buy zone there is no reference for percentages – so no value axis and no prices; measurements are ratios of wave lengths.
Timeframe 1 hour · As of Oct 27, 2026 · display only, the rule works on 4-hour candles
Elliott count: Flat (type known only after C), Corrective pattern (upward), C in progress (2 of 3 guidelines) · B = 105% of A; C = 244% of A
provisional count The inner sub-waves cannot be seen on this timeframe – the hard Elliott rules are met, the internal structure remains open. Provisional – check the count yourself on the chart.
Alternative (not drawn): Nested combination, Corrective pattern (downward), Y complete (2 of 3 guidelines)
Note: Flat type (regular, expanded, running) can only be decided once C is complete.
Note: Structure ambiguous: leg B can also be read as three- or five-part.
Note: Structure open: leg A cannot be broken down into sub-waves on this timeframe – provisional, check the count yourself on the chart.
Elliott count calculated automatically by fixed Elliott rules, not investment advice – display only, our buy zones do not use it. Provisional: The count can change with new candles.
No buy zone of the rule on this timeframe – the chart shows only the Elliott count from the completed hourly candles (recalculated every hour). Not a recommendation, not investment advice. Without a buy zone there is no reference for percentages – so no value axis and no prices; measurements are ratios of wave lengths.
Timeframe 1 week · As of Oct 23, 2026 · from the technical view in the analysis chart
Currently no wave count that follows the rules on weekly candles – so no scenarios. Technical view: Price above the 200-period average, Down trend line broken (close above it), a resistance lies above the price. Not a forecast, not investment advice.
Timeframe 1 day · As of Oct 27, 2026 · from the Elliott count in the analysis chart
Weighting Main scenario (3 of 3 guidelines, strong) · no alternative Guidelines (strength of the count)Guidelines are typical features of a count, such as usual Fibonacci lengths or a change in the form of correction. Strong means: at least three quarters met, medium: at least half, otherwise weak. Even a strong count can flip.Example: 3 of 3 guidelines → strong; 2 of 4 → medium; 1 of 3 → weak.More in the Academy: Lesson wave degrees
Weighting by guidelines met – not a probability.
As long as the daily close stays above the end of X, this applies: complex countermove upward (Combination W-X-Y), Y in progress – count points to rising prices.
Invalid if the daily close is below the end of X
If that breaks, this count no longer applies. Currently no alternative that follows the rules.
Watcher Fibonacci target zones and levels for this count – as a help for your own review – from Watcher.
Timeframe 4 hours · As of Oct 27, 2026 · from the Elliott count in the analysis chart
Weighting Main scenario (3 of 3 guidelines, strong) · no alternative Guidelines (strength of the count)Guidelines are typical features of a count, such as usual Fibonacci lengths or a change in the form of correction. Strong means: at least three quarters met, medium: at least half, otherwise weak. Even a strong count can flip.Example: 3 of 3 guidelines → strong; 2 of 4 → medium; 1 of 3 → weak.More in the Academy: Lesson wave degrees
Weighting by guidelines met – not a probability.
As long as the 4-hour close stays above the end of X, this applies: complex countermove upward (Combination W-X-Y), Y in progress – count points to rising prices.
Invalid if the 4-hour close is below the end of X
If that breaks, this count no longer applies. Currently no alternative that follows the rules.
Watcher Fibonacci target zones and levels for this count – as a help for your own review – from Watcher.
Timeframe 1 hour · As of Oct 27, 2026 · from the Elliott count in the analysis chart
Weighting Main scenario and alternative: level (2 of 3 guidelines each, medium) – the simpler or clearer pattern counts as the main scenario. Guidelines (strength of the count)Guidelines are typical features of a count, such as usual Fibonacci lengths or a change in the form of correction. Strong means: at least three quarters met, medium: at least half, otherwise weak. Even a strong count can flip.Example: 3 of 3 guidelines → strong; 2 of 4 → medium; 1 of 3 → weak.More in the Academy: Lesson wave degrees
Weighting by guidelines met – not a probability.
provisional count The inner sub-waves cannot be seen on this timeframe – the hard Elliott rules are met, the internal structure remains open. Provisional – check the count yourself on the chart. No visible sub-waves in: A.
As long as the hourly close stays above the end of B, this applies: flat countermove upward in three waves (Flat, type known only after C), C in progress – count points to rising prices.
Invalid if the hourly close is below the end of B
If that breaks, the second reading no longer applies either: complex countermove downward (Nested combination), Y complete – then there is no valid count for now; the next candles will produce a new one.
Invalid if the hourly close is below the end of Y
Watcher Fibonacci target zones and levels for this count – as a help for your own review – from Watcher.
IBM · Sector Technology · amounts in USD
Information only – does not affect the other analysis methods, not investment advice. Source: SEC filings, As of Feb 24, 2026.
Four angles on the annual figures. Each check counts how many disclosed criteria are met – criteria without data do not count. The bars show where the company ranks on each figure among the stocks we cover and within its sector.
Fiscal year to Dec 31, 2025
58.2% Fiscal year 2025
Rank 62 of 100: higher than 62% of 153 peers (All). medium.
Rank 54 of 100: higher than 54% of 57 peers (Sector). medium.
Median Technology: 56.1%
Share of revenue left after the direct cost of the products sold.
15.7% Fiscal year 2025
Rank 57 of 100: higher than 57% of 237 peers (All). medium.
Rank 55 of 100: higher than 55% of 63 peers (Sector). medium.
Median Technology: 12.5%
Profit after all costs, interest and taxes divided by revenue.
32.4% Fiscal year 2025
Rank 76 of 100: higher than 76% of 218 peers (All). strong.
Rank 78 of 100: higher than 78% of 61 peers (Sector). strong.
Median Technology: 13.5%
Net income divided by equity at fiscal year end.
7.0% Fiscal year 2025 (total assets at year end)
Rank 57 of 100: higher than 57% of 238 peers (All). medium.
Rank 56 of 100: higher than 56% of 63 peers (Sector). medium.
Median Technology: 5.9%
Net income divided by total assets at fiscal year end.
21.5% Fiscal year 2025
Rank 28 of 100: higher than 28% of 239 peers (All). weak.
Rank 17 of 100: higher than 17% of 63 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Technology: 51.6%
Equity as a share of total assets. Usually low for banks.
17.9% Fiscal year 2025
Rank 62 of 100: higher than 62% of 213 peers (All). medium.
Rank 48 of 100: higher than 48% of 62 peers (Sector). medium.
Median Technology: 19.0%
Free cash flow divided by revenue.
12.1B USD Fiscal year 2025
Operating cash flow minus capital expenditure on property and equipment.
+3.7% per year
Rank 30 of 100: higher than 30% of 230 peers (All). weak.
Rank 26 of 100: higher than 26% of 59 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Technology: +14.3%
Average growth per year over 3 fiscal years.
−1.7% per year
Rank 4 of 100: higher than 4% of 217 peers (All). weak.
Rank 6 of 100: higher than 6% of 54 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Technology: +14.5%
Average growth per year over 5 fiscal years.
−1.9% per year
Rank 4 of 100: higher than 4% of 157 peers (All). weak.
Rank 4 of 100: higher than 4% of 37 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Technology: +12.4%
Average growth per year over 10 fiscal years.
+83.8% per year
Rank 98 of 100: higher than 98% of 157 peers (All). strong.
Rank 92 of 100: higher than 92% of 32 peers (Sector). strong.
Median Technology: +19.2%
Growth of earnings per share per year, adjusted for stock splits.
+12.4% per year
Rank 46 of 100: higher than 46% of 146 peers (All). medium.
Rank 34 of 100: higher than 34% of 34 peers (Sector). medium.
Median Technology: +17.0%
Growth of earnings per share per year, adjusted for stock splits.
−1.8% per year
Rank 10 of 100: higher than 10% of 140 peers (All). weak.
Rank 6 of 100: higher than 6% of 27 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Technology: +17.5%
Growth of earnings per share per year, adjusted for stock splits.
60% Fiscal year 2025
Dividend per share divided by earnings per share.
+0.6% per year
Rank 5 of 100: higher than 5% of 118 peers (All). weak.
Rank 7 of 100: higher than 7% of 21 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Technology: +11.2%
Growth of the dividend per share per year.
1.9x Fiscal year 2025
Free cash flow per share divided by dividend per share. From 1x the dividend is covered.
7 of 9 Fiscal year 2025
Rank 72 of 100: higher than 72% of 134 peers (All). strong.
Rank 70 of 100: higher than 70% of 44 peers (Sector). strong.
Median Technology: 6.0 of 9
Nine yes/no tests on profit, cash flow, debt, liquidity and efficiency compared with the prior year.
1.68 at fiscal year end
Rank 17 of 100: lower than 17% of 199 peers (All). weak.
Rank 12 of 100: lower than 12% of 54 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Technology: 0.41
Long-term financial debt divided by equity.
0.96 at fiscal year end
Rank 21 of 100: higher than 21% of 215 peers (All). weak.
Rank 12 of 100: higher than 12% of 63 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Technology: 2.02
Current assets divided by current liabilities.
+5.8% in 5 years
Rank 29 of 100: lower than 29% of 199 peers (All). weak.
Rank 44 of 100: lower than 44% of 51 peers (Sector). medium.
Median Technology: +2.8%
Change in diluted share count. Negative = share buybacks, positive = new shares.
Last fiscal year compared with the one before. Returns and revenue per total assets use total assets at the start of the year; leverage = long-term financial debt divided by total assets at year end; new shares via the average diluted share count.
Price-based criteria (P/E, dividend yield) are shown to signed-in users.
Computed automatically from SEC annual reports – not investment advice. Describes the reported figures; points are not a rating of the stock. Rank 0–100 against the 239 stocks we cover and against the sector (from 5 peers); the stronger side is always on the right.
Summarized from the lights below. Describes the reported figures – not a recommendation to buy or sell.
Fiscal year 2025 (Jan 1, 2025 – Dec 31, 2025): Revenue 67.5B USD · Net income 10.6B USD · Net margin 15.7%
Where the money of a fiscal year goes and how margins, returns, balance sheet, cash flow and share count developed over up to 10 years. Each chart has one sentence saying what the trend shows.
Of 100 USD of revenue, 58.2 USD gross profit and 15.7 USD net income remained.
| Item | Amount | of revenue |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 67.5B USD | 100.0% |
| Gross profit | 39.3B USD | 58.2% |
| Cost of revenue | 28.2B USD | 41.8% |
| Net income | 10.6B USD | 15.7% |
| Research & development | 8.3B USD | 12.3% |
| Interest expense | 1.9B USD | 2.9% |
| Remaining costs, taxes & other | 18.5B USD | 27.3% |
Taxes, interest and other items are not available separately in the SEC data; they are combined as the difference.
The net margin rose in 5 years from 7.6% to 15.7%.
Gross marginNet marginReturn on equity rose in 5 years from 27.1% to 32.4%.
Return on equityReturn on assetsThe equity ratio rose in 5 years from 13.2% to 21.5%.
EquityLong-term debt in USD Long-term debt, depending on the filing, includes the current portion or leases.The current ratio stayed roughly the same in 5 years (0.96).
Current ratioFree cash flow fell in 5 years from 15.6B USD to 12.1B USD.
Operating cash flowCapital expenditureFree cash flow in USDThe share count rose in 5 years by 5.8% – more new shares were issued than repurchased (dilution).
Diluted share countFrom annual reports filed with the SEC (10-K, 20-F, 40-F) as first reported, share count adjusted for splits; obvious filing errors (e.g. wrong unit, outliers against both neighbouring years) are hidden. Describes the reported figures – not investment advice.
How much the company returns to its shareholders – as dividends or by repurchasing its own shares – and whether free cash flow supports it.
The dividend per share stayed roughly the same in 5 years (6.71 USD).
Dividend per share USD per share Per share as filed with the SEC, including special dividends; obvious filing errors are hidden.The payout ratio fell in 5 years from 104.5% to 60.1%.
Payout ratio (earnings)Payout ratio (free cash flow)Over 5 years, 30.3B USD went back to shareholders as dividends. That is 53% of the free cash flow of those years.
Dividends paidShare repurchasesNew shares issued (including employee plans)Free cash flow in USDDividends paid, repurchases and new shares issued from the cash flow statement of annual reports filed with the SEC (as first reported). Describes the reported figures – not investment advice.
Price-based valuation (P/E, P/S, price/free cash flow and dividend yield per fiscal year, compared with its own average) for signed-in users. Log in
IBM next to 8 stocks of the sector Technology we cover that are closest in revenue. Click a column header to sort the table.
| Symbol | Revenue (FY) | Growth 5 yrs | Gross margin | Op. margin | Net margin | ROE | Equity ratio | FCF margin | Piotroski |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DELL Dell Technologies | 113.5B USD | +3.8% | 20.0% | 7.2% | 5.2% | – | −2.4% | 7.5% | 7/9 |
| ACN Accenture | 74.2B USD | +8.0% | 32.0% | 15.4% | 11.3% | 26.5% | 42.9% | 15.7% | 6/9 |
| IBM IBM this stock | 67.5B USD | −1.7% | 58.2% | – | 15.7% | 32.4% | 21.5% | 17.9% | 7/9 |
| ORCL Oracle Corporation | 67.4B USD | +10.7% | – | 30.6% | 25.4% | 40.2% | 16.2% | −35.2% | – |
| AVGO Broadcom | 63.9B USD | +21.7% | 67.8% | 39.9% | 36.2% | 28.4% | 47.5% | 42.1% | – |
| CSCO Cisco | 63.3B USD | +4.9% | 64.5% | 24.3% | 21.0% | 26.4% | 38.8% | 20.2% | 7/9 |
| INTC Intel | 52.9B USD | −7.5% | 34.8% | −4.2% | −0.5% | −0.2% | 54.1% | −9.4% | 6/9 |
| QCOM Qualcomm | 44.3B USD | +13.5% | 55.4% | 27.9% | 12.5% | 26.1% | 42.3% | 28.9% | 6/9 |
| CRM Salesforce | 41.5B USD | +14.3% | 77.7% | 20.1% | 18.0% | 12.6% | 52.7% | 34.7% | 7/9 |
| Median of the sector 63 symbols | 11.0B USD | +14.5% | 56.1% | 14.2% | 12.5% | 13.5% | 51.6% | 19.0% | 6/9 |
Growth 5 yrs = revenue growth per year over 5 fiscal years · Op. margin = operating margin · ROE = return on equity · FCF = free cash flow · Piotroski = F-Score (only with all 9 criteria).
Figures of the last fiscal year from SEC annual reports (peers as of Oct 28, 2026). Median across all companies of the sector we cover (from 5 stocks; several share classes of one company count once). Signed-in users also see P/E, P/S and dividend yield in the comparison. Describes the reported figures – not investment advice.
Each light follows a simple, disclosed rule. The comparison is with the sector median Sector medianThe middle value of all companies in a sector: half are above it, half below. Unlike the average, single outliers hardly distort it.Example: Margins 4%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 60% → median 10%, average 18.8%.More in the Academy: Lesson putting the P/E in context of all 97 symbols in the Technology sector on our list (current members of the S&P 500 and other lists).
−1.7% per year, last 5 years
Sector Technology: median +13.5% (88 symbols)
What does this mean? Revenue: over 5 years it fell by 1.7% per year on average. The median company in the sector reached +13.5% per year.
Light rule: Green: grows at least as fast as the sector median (without a sector comparison: grows) · Yellow: grows more slowly · Red: shrinks.
+13.6% per year, last 5 years
Sector Technology: median +13.3% (62 symbols)
per share: +12.4% per year (5 years, split-adjusted)
What does this mean? Total net income: over 5 years it grew by 13.6% per year on average – at least as fast as the median company in the sector (+13.3%).
Light rule: Green: grows at least as fast as the sector median (without a sector comparison: grows) · Yellow: grows more slowly · Red: shrinks.
15.7% last fiscal year
Sector Technology: median 12.5% (97 symbols)
What does this mean? Of every 100 USD in revenue, 15.69 USD remained as profit – at least as much as the median company in the sector (12.5%). Five years ago the margin was 7.6%.
Light rule: Green: at least the sector median (without a sector comparison: profit) · Yellow: profit, but below the median · Red: loss.
1.60 latest balance sheet
Sector Technology: median 0.45 (79 symbols)
What does this mean? For every 1 USD of equity there is 1.60 USD of financial debt – more than twice as much as the median company in the sector (0.45). More debt amplifies good and bad years alike.
Light rule: Green: at most the sector median · Yellow: up to twice the median · Red: more than twice · Gray: without a sector comparison.
60% Dividend / earnings per share
Sector Technology: median 30% (36 symbols)
What does this mean? Of every 1 USD of earnings per share, 0.60 USD went to shareholders as a dividend. Little buffer remains for weaker years. Median company in the sector: 30%.
Light rule: Green: up to 60% of earnings · Yellow: up to 100% · Red: more than earnings or a dividend despite a loss · Gray for real estate (REITs). The sector median is for comparison only.
10 of 10 fiscal years with a profit
What does this mean? In 10 of the last 10 fiscal years the bottom line showed a profit. There were no losses in this period.
Light rule: Green: profit in every year · Yellow: one loss year · Red: several loss years (at least 3 years needed).
| Year | End | Revenue | Net income | Margin | Earnings per share | Dividend per share | Payout |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Dec 31, 2025 | 67.5B | 10.6B | 15.7% | 11.17 | 6.71 | 60% |
| 2024 | Dec 31, 2024 | 62.8B | 6.0B | 9.6% | 6.43 | 6.67 | 104% |
| 2023 | Dec 31, 2023 | 61.9B | 7.5B | 12.1% | 8.14 | 6.63 | 81% |
| 2022 | Dec 31, 2022 | 60.5B | 1.6B | 2.7% | 1.80 | 6.59 | 366% |
| 2021 | Dec 31, 2021 | 57.4B | 5.7B | 10.0% | 6.35 | 6.55 | 103% |
| 2020 | Dec 31, 2020 | 73.6B | 5.6B | 7.6% | 6.23 | 6.51 | 104% |
| 2019 | Dec 31, 2019 | 77.1B | 9.4B | 12.2% | 10.56 | 6.43 | 61% |
| 2018 | Dec 31, 2018 | 79.6B | 8.7B | 11.0% | 9.52 | 6.21 | 65% |
| 2017 | Dec 31, 2017 | 79.1B | 5.8B | 7.3% | 6.14 | 5.90 | 96% |
| 2016 | Dec 31, 2016 | 79.9B | 11.9B | 14.9% | 12.38 | 5.50 | 44% |
| Quarter | End | Revenue | Net income | Margin | Earnings per share | Dividend per share | Payout |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q3/26 | Sep 30, 2026 | 17.1B | 2.2B | 12.8% | 2.30 | 1.69 | 73% |
| Q2/26 | Jun 30, 2026 | 17.2B | 2.2B | 12.6% | 2.27 | 1.69 | 74% |
| Q1/26 | Mar 31, 2026 | 15.9B | 1.2B | 7.6% | 1.28 | 1.68 | 131% |
| Q4/25* | Dec 31, 2025 | 19.7B | 5.6B | 28.4% | – | 1.68 | – |
| Q3/25 | Sep 30, 2025 | 16.3B | 1.7B | 10.7% | 1.84 | 1.68 | 91% |
| Q2/25 | Jun 30, 2025 | 17.0B | 2.2B | 12.9% | 2.31 | 1.68 | 73% |
| Q1/25 | Mar 31, 2025 | 14.5B | 1.1B | 7.3% | 1.12 | 1.67 | 149% |
| Q4/24* | Dec 31, 2024 | 17.6B | 2.9B | 16.6% | – | 1.67 | – |
| Q3/24 | Sep 30, 2024 | 15.0B | −330.0M | −2.2% | −0.36 | 1.67 | – |
| Q2/24 | Jun 30, 2024 | 15.8B | 1.8B | 11.6% | 1.96 | 1.67 | 85% |
| Q1/24 | Mar 31, 2024 | 14.5B | 1.6B | 11.1% | 1.72 | 1.66 | 97% |
| Q4/23* | Dec 31, 2023 | 17.4B | 3.3B | 18.9% | – | 1.66 | – |
* Q4 derived: fiscal year minus the 9-month value (EPS cannot be derived this way); may be distorted by restatements.
How we calculate: values as first reported to the SEC (later corrections are left out), a fixed order of reporting tags per figure, partial sums are never added up. Growth per year Growth per year (CAGR)The average annual growth rate over several years, as if the value had grown equally strongly every year. Individual good or bad years even out in it.Example: Revenue €100m → €161m in 5 years → (161 ÷ 100) to the power of 1/5 − 1 = 10% per year.More in the Academy: Lesson debt, dividends and growth over 5 years (otherwise 3 years). Quarters are labeled by the calendar quarter in which they end.
| Period | Purchases | Sales | Net |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3 months | $00 people | $5.8M1 person | −$5.8M |
| 6 months | $00 people | $5.8M1 person | −$5.8M |
| 12 months | $417.2K3 people | $5.8M1 person | −$5.3M |
Source: mandatory filings with the SEC (Form 4), open-market purchases and sales only. General information, not investment advice.
ATR ATR (Average True Range)The average range per trading day over the last 14 days. It makes distances comparable, whether a stock costs 10 or 1,000.Example: ATR 2.50 at a price of 100: 0.4 ATR is 1.00, i.e. 1%.More in the Academy: Lesson ATR and moving averages as price values only when logged in.
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